2022 MIPS Measure #119: Diabetes: Medical Attention for Nephropathy

Measure Description

The percentage of patients 18-75 years of age with diabetes who had a nephropathy screening test or evidence of nephropathy during the measurement period

Instructions

This measure is to be submitted a minimum of once per performance period for all patients with diabetes mellitus seen during the performance period. This measure may be submitted by Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) eligible clinicians who perform the quality actions described in the measure based on the services provided and the measure-specific denominator coding.

NOTE: Patient encounters for this measure conducted via telehealth (e.g., encounters coded with GQ, GT, 95, or POS 02 modifiers) are allowable.

Measure Submission Type:

Measure data may be submitted by individual MIPS eligible clinicians, groups, or third party intermediaries. The listed denominator criteria are used to identify the intended patient population. The numerator options included in this specification are used to submit the quality actions as allowed by the measure. The quality data codes listed do not need to be submitted by MIPS eligible clinicians, groups, or third party intermediaries that utilize this modality for submissions; however, these codes may be submitted for those third party intermediaries that utilize Medicare Part B claims data. For more information regarding Application Programming Interface (API), please refer to the Quality Payment Program (QPP) website.

Denominator

Patients 18 - 75 years of age with diabetes with a visit during the measurement period

DENOMINATOR NOTE: To assess the age for exclusions, the patient’s age at the end of the measurement period should be used.

*Signifies that this CPT Category I code is a non-covered service under the Medicare Part B Physician Fee Schedule (PFS). These non-covered services should be counted in the denominator population for MIPS CQMs.

Denominator Criteria (Eligible Cases):

Patients aged 18 years to 75 years on date of encounter

AND

Diagnosis for diabetes (ICD-10-CM): E10.10, E10.11, E10.21, E10.22, E10.29, E10.311, E10.319, E10.3211, E10.3212, E10.3213, E10.3219, E10.3291, E10.3292, E10.3293, E10.3299, E10.3311, E10.3312, E10.3313, E10.3319, E10.3391, E10.3392, E10.3393, E10.3399, E10.3411, E10.3412, E10.3413, E10.3419, E10.3491, E10.3492, E10.3493, E10.3499, E10.3511, E10.3512, E10.3513, E10.3519, E10.3521, E10.3522, E10.3523, E10.3529, E10.3531, E10.3532, E10.3533, E10.3539, E10.3541, E10.3542, E10.3543, E10.3549, E10.3551, E10.3552, E10.3553, E10.3559, E10.3591, E10.3592, E10.3593, E10.3599, E10.36, E10.37X1, E10.37X2, E10.37X3, E10.37X9, E10.39, E10.40, E10.41, E10.42, E10.43, E10.44, E10.49, E10.51, E10.52, E10.59, E10.610, E10.618, E10.620, E10.621, E10.622, E10.628, E10.630, E10.638, E10.641, E10.649, E10.65, E10.69, E10.8, E10.9, E11.00, E11.01, E11.21, E11.22, E11.29, E11.311, E11.319, E11.3211, E11.3212, E11.3213, E11.3219, E11.3291, E11.3292, E11.3293, E11.3299, E11.3311, E11.3312, E11.3313, E11.3319, E11.3391, E11.3392, E11.3393, E11.3399, E11.3411, E11.3412, E11.3413, E11.3419, E11.3491, E11.3492, E11.3493, E11.3499, E11.3511, E11.3512, E11.3513, E11.3519, E11.3521, E11.3522, E11.3523, E11.3529, E11.3531, E11.3532, E11.3533, E11.3539, E11.3541, E11.3542, E11.3543, E11.3549, E11.3551, E11.3552, E11.3553, E11.3559, E11.3591, E11.3592, E11.3593, E11.3599, E11.36, E11.37X1, E11.37X2, E11.37X3, E11.37X9, E11.39, E11.40, E11.41, E11.42, E11.43, E11.44, E11.49, E11.51, E11.52, E11.59, E11.610, E11.618, E11.620, E11.621, E11.622, E11.628, E11.630, E11.638, E11.641, E11.649, E11.65, E11.69, E11.8, E11.9, E13.00, E13.01, E13.10, E13.11, E13.21, E13.22, E13.29, E13.311, E13.319, E13.3211, E13.3212, E13.3213, E13.3219, E13.3291, E13.3292, E13.3293, E13.3299, E13.3311, E13.3312, E13.3313, E13.3319, E13.3391, E13.3392, E13.3393, E13.3399, E13.3411, E13.3412, E13.3413, E13.3419, E13.3491, E13.3492, E13.3493, E13.3499, E13.3511, E13.3512, E13.3513, E13.3519, E13.3521, E13.3522, E13.3523, E13.3529, E13.3531, E13.3532, E13.3533, E13.3539, E13.3541, E13.3542, E13.3543, E13.3549, E13.3551, E13.3552, E13.3553, E13.3559, E13.3591, E13.3592, E13.3593, E13.3599, E13.36, E13.37X1, E13.37X2, E13.37X3, E13.37X9, E13.39, E13.40, E13.41, E13.42, E13.43, E13.44, E13.49, E13.51, E13.52, E13.59, E13.610, E13.618, E13.620, E13.621, E13.622, E13.628, E13.630, E13.638, E13.641, E13.649, E13.65, E13.69, E13.8, E13.9, O24.011, O24.012, O24.013, O24.019, O24.02, O24.03, O24.111, O24.112, O24.113, O24.119, O24.12, O24.13, O24.311, O24.312, O24.313, O24.319, O24.32, O24.33, O24.811, O24.812, O24.813, O24.819, O24.82, O24.83

AND

Patient encounter during the performance period (CPT or HCPCS): 99202, 99203, 99204, 99205, 99212, 99213, 99214, 99215, 99341, 99342, 99343, 99344, 99345, 99347, 99348, 99349, 99350, 99385*, 99386*, 99387*, 99395*, 99396*, 99397*, G0438, G0439

AND NOT

DENOMINATOR EXCLUSION:

Patients who use hospice services any time during the measurement period: G9715

OR

Patients who use palliative care services any time during the measurement period: G9995

OR

Patient age 66 or older in Institutional Special Needs Plans (SNP) or residing in long-term care with POS code 32, 33, 34, 54, or 56 for more than 90 consecutive days during the measurement period: G2108

OR

Patients 66 years of age and older with at least one claim/encounter for frailty during the measurement period AND a dispensed medication for dementia during the measurement period or the year prior to the measurement period: G2109

OR

Patients 66 years of age and older with at least one claim/encounter for frailty during the measurement period AND either one acute inpatient encounter with a diagnosis of advanced illness or two outpatient, observation, ED or nonacute inpatient encounters on different dates of service with an advanced illness diagnosis during the measurement period or the year prior to the measurement period: G2110

Table: Dementia Exclusion Medications

Codes to identify Frailty: 99504, 99509, E0100, E0105, E0130, E0135, E0140, E0141, E0143, E0144, E0147, E0148, E0149, E0163, E0165, E0167, E0168, E0170, E0171, E0250, E0251, E0255, E0256, E0260, E0261, E0265, E0266, E0270, E0290, E0291, E0292, E0293, E0294, E0295, E0296, E0297, E0301, E0302, E0303, E0304, E0424, E0425, E0430, E0431, E0433, E0434, E0435, E0439, E0440, E0441, E0442, E0443, E0444, E0462, E0465, E0466, E0470, E0471, E0472, E0561, E0562, E1130, E1140, E1150, E1160, E1161, E1240, E1250, E1260, E1270, E1280, E1285, E1290, E1295, E1296, E1297, E1298, G0162, G0299, G0300, G0493, G0494, S0271, S0311, S9123, S9124, T1000, T1001, T1002, T1003, T1004, T1005, T1019, T1020, T1021, T1022, T1030, T1031, L89.000, L89.001, L89.002, L89.003, L89.004, L89.006, L89.009, L89.010, L89.011, L89.012, L89.013, L89.014, L89.016, L89.019, L89.020, L89.021, L89.022, L89.023, L89.024, L89.026, L89.029, L89.100, L89.101, L89.102, L89.103, L89.104, L89.106, L89.109, L89.110, L89.111, L89.112, L89.113, L89.114, L89.116, L89.119, L89.120, L89.121, L89.122, L89.123, L89.124, L89.126, L89.129, L89.130, L89.131, L89.132, L89.133, L89.134, L89.136, L89.139, L89.140, L89.141, L89.142, L89.143, L89.144, L89.146, L89.149, L89.150, L89.151, L89.152, L89.153, L89.154, L89.156, L89.159, L89.200, L89.201, L89.202, L89.203, L89.204, L89.206, L89.209, L89.210, L89.211, L89.212, L89.213, L89.214, L89.216, L89.219, L89.220, L89.221, L89.222, L89.223, L89.224, L89.226, L89.229, L89.300, L89.301, L89.302, L89.303, L89.304, L89.306, L89.309, L89.310, L89.311, L89.312, L89.313, L89.314, L89.316, L89.319, L89.320, L89.321, L89.322, L89.323, L89.324, L89.326, L89.329, L89.40, L89.41, L89.42, L89.43, L89.44, L89.45, L89.46, L89.500, L89.501, L89.502, L89.503, L89.504, L89.506, L89.509, L89.510, L89.511, L89.512, L89.513, L89.514, L89.516, L89.519, L89.520, L89.521, L89.522, L89.523, L89.524, L89.526, L89.529, L89.600, L89.601, L89.602, L89.603, L89.604, L89.606, L89.609, L89.610, L89.611, L89.612, L89.613, L89.614, L89.616, L89.619, L89.620, L89.621, L89.622, L89.623, L89.624, L89.626, L89.629, L89.810, L89.811, L89.812, L89.813, L89.814, L89.816, L89.819, L89.890, L89.891, L89.892, L89.893, L89.894, L89.896, L89.899, L89.90, L89.91, L89.92, L89.93, L89.94, L89.95, L89.96, M62.50, M62.81, M62.84, R26.0, R26.1, R26.2, R26.89, R26.9, R41.81, R53.1, R53.81, R53.83, R54, R62.7, R63.4, R63.6, R64, W01.0XXA, W01.0XXD, W01.0XXS, W01.10XA, W01.10XD, W01.10XS, W01.110A, W01.110D, W01.110S, W01.111A, W01.111D, W01.111S, W01.118A, W01.118D, W01.118S, W01.119A, W01.119D, W01.119S, W01.190A, W01.190D, W01.190S, W01.198A, W01.198D, W01.198S, W06.XXXA, W06.XXXD, W06.XXXS, W07.XXXA, W07.XXXD, W07.XXXS, W08.XXXA, W08.XXXD, W08.XXXS, W10.0XXA, W10.0XXD, W10.0XXS, W10.1XXA, W10.1XXD, W10.1XXS, W10.2XXA, W10.2XXD, W10.2XXS, W10.8XXA, W10.8XXD, W10.8XXS, W10.9XXA, W10.9XXD, W10.9XXS, W18.00XA, W18.00XD, W18.00XS, W18.02XA, W18.02XD, W18.02XS, W18.09XA, W18.09XD, W18.09XS, W18.11XA, W18.11XD, W18.11XS, W18.12XA, W18.12XD, W18.12XS, W18.2XXA, W18.2XXD, W18.2XXS, W18.30XA, W18.30XD, W18.30XS, W18.31XA, W18.31XD, W18.31XS, W18.39XA, W18.39XD, W18.39XS, W19.XXXA, W19.XXXD, W19.XXXS, Y92.199, Z59.3, Z73.6, Z74.01, Z74.09, Z74.1, Z74.2, Z74.3, Z74.8, Z74.9, Z91.81, Z99.11, Z99.3, Z99.81, Z99.89

Codes to identify Advanced Illness: A81.00, A81.01, A81.09, C25.0, C25.1, C25.2, C25.3, C25.4, C25.7, C25.8, C25.9, C71.0, C71.1, C71.2, C71.3, C71.4, C71.5, C71.6, C71.7, C71.8, C71.9, C77.0, C77.1, C77.2, C77.3, C77.4, C77.5, C77.8, C77.9, C78.00, C78.01, C78.02, C78.1, C78.2, C78.30, C78.39, C78.4, C78.5, C78.6, C78.7, C78.80, C78.89, C79.00, C79.01, C79.02, C79.10, C79.11, C79.19, C79.2, C79.31, C79.32, C79.40, C79.49, C79.51, C79.52, C79.60, C79.61, C79.62, C79.70, C79.71, C79.72, C79.81, C79.82, C79.89, C79.9, C91.00, C91.02, C92.00, C92.02, C93.00, C93.02, C93.90, C93.92, C93.Z0, C93.Z2, C94.30, C94.32, F01.50, F01.51, F02.80, F02.81, F03.90, F03.91, F04, F10.27, F10.96, F10.97, G10, G12.21, G20, G30.0, G30.1, G30.8, G30.9, G31.01, G31.09, G31.83, I09.81, I11.0, I12.0, I13.0, I13.11, I13.2, I50.1, I50.20, I50.21, I50.22, I50.23, I50.30, I50.31, I50.32, I50.33, I50.40, I50.41, I50.42, I50.43, I50.810, I50.811, I50.812, I50.813, I50.814, I50.82, I50.83, I50.84, I50.89, I50.9, J43.0, J43.1, J43.2, J43.8, J43.9, J68.4, J84.10, J84.112, J84.17, J84.170, J84.178, J96.10, J96.11, J96.12, J96.20, J96.21, J96.22, J96.90, J96.91, J96.92, J98.2, J98.3, K70.10, K70.11, K70.2, K70.30, K70.31, K70.40, K70.41, K70.9, K74.0, K74.00, K74.01, K74.02, K74.1, K74.2, K74.4, K74.5, K74.60, K74.69, N18.5, N18.6

Numerator

Patients with a screening for nephropathy or evidence of nephropathy during the measurement period

Numerator Instructions:

This measure is looking for a nephropathy screening test or evidence of nephropathy

Numerator Options:

Performance Met: Positive microalbuminuria test result documented and reviewed (3060F)

OR

Performance Met: Negative microalbuminuria test result documented and reviewed (3061F)

OR

Performance Met: Positive macroalbuminuria test result documented and reviewed (3062F)

OR

Performance Met: Documentation of treatment for nephropathy (e.g., patient receiving dialysis, patient being treated for ESRD, CRF, ARF, or renal insufficiency, any visit to a nephrologist) (3066F)

OR

Performance Met: Patient receiving angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) therapy (G8506)

OR

Performance Not Met: Nephropathy screening was not performed, reason not otherwise specified (3060F or 3061F or 3062F with8P)

Rationale

Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. In 2017, diabetes affected approximately 34 million Americans (10.5 percent of the U.S. population) and killed approximately 84,000 people (CDC, 2020a). Diabetes is a long-lasting disease marked by high blood glucose levels, resulting from the body's inability to produce or use insulin properly (CDC, 2020b). People with diabetes are at increased risk of serious health complications including vision loss, heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, and amputation of feet or legs (CDC, 2018).

In 2017, diabetes cost the U.S. an estimated $327 billion: $237 billion in direct medical costs and $90 billion in reduced productivity. This is a 34 percent increase from the estimated $245 billion spent on diabetes in 2012 (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2018).

High blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes put them at a higher risk of damaging their kidneys and causing kidney disease (ADA, 2020a). Kidney disease is one of the most common adverse outcomes of diabetes, affecting 20-40 percent of patients with diabetes. Kidney Disease can lead to kidney failure and is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) (ADA, 2020b). In 2013, there were more than 51,000 new cases of kidney failure among people with diabetes (National Kidney Foundation, 2016). In 2014, diabetes accounted for 44% of 118,000 new cases of ESRD (United States Renal Data System, 2016).

Clinical Recommendation Statements

American Diabetes Association (2020):

Screening

• At least once a year, assess urinary albumin (e.g., spot urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR]) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with type 1 diabetes with duration of >=5 years, and in all patients with type 2 diabetes, regardless of treatment. (Level of evidence: B)
• Patients with urinary albumin >30 mg/g creatinine and/or an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2 should be monitored twice annually to guide therapy. (Level of evidence: C)

Treatment

• An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) is not recommended for the primary prevention of chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes who have normal blood pressure, normal UACR (=300 mg/g creatinine and/or eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73.m2. (Level of evidence: A)
• Periodically monitor serum creatinine and potassium levels for the development of increased creatinine or changes in potassium when ACE inhibitors, ARB, or diuretics are used. (Level of evidence: B)
• Patients should be referred for evaluation by a nephrologist if they have an estimated GFR<30 mL/min/1.73 m2. (Level of evidence: A)
• Promptly refer to a physician experienced in the care of kidney disease for uncertainty about the etiology of kidney disease, difficult management issues, and rapidly progressing kidney disease. (Level of evidence: A)

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists & American College of Endocrinology (2015):

• Beginning 5 years after diagnosis in patients with type 1 diabetes (if diagnosed before age 30) or at diagnosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and those with type 1 diabetes diagnosed after age 30, annual assessment of serum creatinine to determine the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin excretion rate (AER) should be performed to identify, stage, and monitor progression of diabetic nephropathy (Grade C; best evidence level 3).
• Patients with nephropathy should be counseled regarding the need for optimal glycemic control, blood pressure control, dyslipidemia control, and smoking cessation (Grade B; best evidence level 2).
• In addition, they should have routine monitoring of albuminuria, kidney function electrolytes, and lipids (Grade B; best evidence level 2).
• Associated conditions such as anemia and bone and mineral disorders should be assessed as kidney function declines (Grade D; best evidence level 4).
• Referral to a nephrologist is recommended well before the need for renal replacement therapy (Grade D; best evidence level 4).